Firmware Update

Firmware update is the process to flash new firmware to a chip and update the earlier firmware. Tuya supports regular firmware updates to meet your development and market requirements. Tuya also deactivates certain legacy firmware versions in line with chip iterations of the manufacturers. In the case of device feature updates, a firmware update is also required.

Update process

Get firmware update information

Returns the device update information. The firmware update model ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeModel provides the following properties:

• upgradeMode: indicates the firmware update mode.
• type: indicates the firmware update channel type.
• typeDesc: describes the firmware type.

Firmware update modes

When you query the list of firmware updates, the upgradeMode field of ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeModel includes the following valid values:

• Generic firmware update: The field value is 0. This is the traditional mode to update device firmware.

• Update PID-specific firmware: The field value is 1. This update mode applies the philosophy of products. Update versions can be differentiated by functional modules, such as product schema, panel settings, multilingual settings, and shortcut control.

  The new API methods are required to get the firmware list and trigger a PID-specific firmware update.

Firmware update channel types

For the generic firmware update mode, when you query a list of firmware updates, the type field of ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeModel indicates the type of firmware update channel and typeDesc describes each channel.

The following table lists descriptions of type for a generic firmware update. We recommend that you describe the firmware by using the value of typeDesc that is actually returned by the model.

Channel type of generic firmware update	Description of firmware update channel
0	Main module, Wi-Fi module, and Bluetooth module.
1	Bluetooth module
2	GPRS module
3	Zigbee module
5	433 MHz module
6	NB-IoT module
9	MCU module
10 to 19	Extension module

API description

// Returns firmware information required by generic update and PID-specific update.
- (void)checkFirmwareUpgrade:(void (^)(NSArray<ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeModel *> *firmwares))success failure:(nullable ThingFailureError)failure;

// (Deprecated) Returns only the firmware information required by generic update.
- (void)getFirmwareUpgradeInfo:(nullable void (^)(NSArray <ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeModel *> *upgradeModelList))success failure:(nullable ThingFailureError)failure;

Parameters

Parameter	Description
success	The success callback. A list of firmware update information is returned.
failure	The failure callback.

Data model of ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeModel

Field	Type	Description
desc	NSString	The description of the update.
type	NSInteger	The type of firmware update channel. The value is used for a generic firmware update.
typeDesc	NSString	The description of the firmware update channel.
upgradeStatus	NSInteger	0: no update available 1: update available 2: updating 5: wait for the device to wake up
version	NSString	The target firmware version.
currentVersion	NSString	The current firmware version.
devType	NSInteger	0: generic type of device 1: low-power device
upgradeType	NSInteger	0: app notification of update 2: forced app update 3: check for update
url	NSString	The URL at which the firmware update package of the Bluetooth device can be downloaded.
fileSize	NSString	The size of the firmware update package. Unit: bytes. FileSize only supports Bluetooth devices.
md5	NSString	The MD5 (Message-Digest algorithm 5) hash value of the firmware.
controlType	BOOL	YES: controllable during the update NO: non-controllable during the update
waitingDesc	NSString	The description of waiting for the device to wake up.
upgradingDesc	NSString	The description of the firmware update in progress.
canUpgrade	NSNumber	nil: runs the update task without a pre-validation. 0: If a pre-validation is required but not passed, an update is not allowed. Therefore, remind can be used to return the description that an update is not allowed. 1: pre-validation is passed and update is allowed.
remind	NSString	The description of a failed pre-validation.
upgradeMode	ThingSmartDeviceUpgradeMode	The type of firmware update. Valid values: 0: generic firmware update 1: PID-specific firmware update, available starting from v3.35.5

Example

Objective-C:

- (void)getFirmwareUpgradeInfo {
    // self.device = [ThingSmartDevice deviceWithDeviceId:@"your_device_id"];

    [self.device checkFirmwareUpgrade:^(NSArray<ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeModel *> *upgradeModelList) {
        NSLog(@"getFirmwareUpgradeInfo success");
    } failure:^(NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"getFirmwareUpgradeInfo failure: %@", error);
    }];
}

Swift:

func getFirmwareUpgradeInfo() {
    device?.checkFirmwareUpgrade({ (upgradeModelList) in
        print("getFirmwareUpgradeInfo success")
    }, failure: { (error) in
        if let e = error {
            print("getFirmwareUpgradeInfo failure: \(e)")
        }
    })
}

Query status of firmware being updated

Returns information about the firmware being updated. If no firmware is being updated, a failure is returned.

API description

- (void)getFirmwareUpgradingStatus:(void (^)(ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeStatusModel *status))success failure:(nullable ThingFailureError)failure

Parameters

Parameter	Description
success	The success callback. An update status model is returned.
failure	The failure callback. An error message is returned to indicate that the device is not being updated or the API request failed.

Data model of ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeStatusModel

Field	Type	Description
upgradeStatus	ThingSmartDeviceUpgradeStatus	The update status. Valid values: 2: updating 3: updated successfully 4: update failed 5: wait for the device to wake up 6: firmware downloaded to the device 7: update timeout 100: the app is preparing, for example, connecting to a Bluetooth device, or downloading the firmware package
statusText	NSString	The description of the firmware status.
statusTitle	NSString	The title of the firmware status.
progress	NSInteger	The update progress. In certain conditions, the value might be less than 0. If any, ignore this type of value.
type	NSInteger	The type of firmware update channel. The value is used when users confirm the update.
upgradeMode	ThingSmartDeviceUpgradeMode	0: generic firmware update 1: PID-specific firmware update, available starting from v3.35.5
error	NSError	The error message.

Example

Objective-C:

- (void)getFirmwareUpgradeInfo {
    // self.device = [ThingSmartDevice deviceWithDeviceId:@"your_device_id"];

    [self.device getFirmwareUpgradingStatus:^(ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeStatusModel *status) {
        NSLog(@"getFirmwareUpgradingStatus success");
    } failure:^(NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"getFirmwareUpgradingStatus failure: %@", error);
    }];
}

Swift:

func getFirmwareUpgradeInfo() {
    device?.getFirmwareUpgradingStatus({ (status) in
        print("getFirmwareUpgradingStatus success")
    }, failure: { (error) in
        if let e = error {
            print("getFirmwareUpgradingStatus failure: \(e)")
        }
    })
}

Start update

API description

// Both generic update and PID-specific update are supported.
// Based on the original update capabilities, Bluetooth LE devices, Bluetooth mesh devices, and dynamic gateways are also supported.
// Multiple firmware versions can be sequentially updated for the same device.
// firmewares: The firmware to be updated. Get it through checkFirmwareUpgrade.
- (void)startFirmwareUpgrade:(NSArray<ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeModel *> *)firmwares

// Deprecated. - startFirmwareUpgrade: is recommended to initiate an update.
// Only generic firmware update is supported. Only Wi-Fi devices and Zigbee sub-devices are supported. Bluetooth LE devices, Bluetooth mesh devices, and dynamic gateways are not supported.
// Only a single firmware update task can be initiated.
// type: the type of update. You can call getFirmwareUpgradeInfo to get the value.
- (void)upgradeFirmware:(NSInteger)type success:(nullable ThingSuccessHandler)success failure:(nullable ThingFailureError)failure;

Parameters

• -startFirmwareUpgrade

  Parameter	Description
  firmwares	You can call getFirmwareUpgradeInfo to get a list of firmware versions.

• -upgradeFirmware:success:failure:

  Parameter	Description
  type	The type of update. You can call getFirmwareUpgradeInfo to get the value.
  success	The success callback.
  failure	The failure callback.

Example

Objective-C:

- (void)upgradeFirmwareNew {
    // self.device = [ThingSmartDevice deviceWithDeviceId:@"your_device_id"];

    // firmwares: the list of firmware information returned by checkFirmwareUpgrade.
  // Note that the firmware versions that do not meet the preceding rules must be filtered out.
    [self.device startFirmwareUpgrade:firmwares];
}

Swift:

func upgradeFirmware() {
      // firmwares: the list of firmware information returned by getFirmwareUpgradeInfo.
      // Note that the firmware versions that do not meet the preceding rules must be filtered out.
    device?.startFirmwareUpgrade(firmwares);
}

Continue with update

Currently, this API method applies only when the callback for the update progress is returned and when error.code is ThingOTAErrorCodeSignalStrengthNotSatisfy.

For Wi-Fi devices and combo devices, to ensure a successful update, the minimum signal strength level is specified. When an update is triggered, the system checks whether the device signal strength is within an acceptable range. If not, the callback for the update progress is returned, including error.code = ThingOTAErrorCodeSignalStrengthNotSatisfy. Then, you can implement a UI interaction for users to make decisions. For example, a dialog box appears, saying “The device signal is weak, and the update might fail. Continue to update?”

API description

- (void)confirmWarningUpgradeTask:(BOOL)isContinue;

Parameters

Parameter	Description
isContinue	Indicates whether to continue the update task.

Example

Objective-C:

- (void)continueFirmware {
    // isContinue: asks users whether to continue the update.
    [self.device confirmWarningUpgradeTask:isContinue];
}

Swift:

func continueFirmware() {
    // isContinue: asks users whether to continue the update.
    device?.confirmWarningUpgradeTask(isContinue)
}

Cancel update

Currently, only low-power devices are supported. After an update is initiated for this type of device, the update task might get into the status of waiting for the device to wake up (upgradeStatus = 5). This API method can be called to cancel the update task in this status.

API description

// Currently, an update task can be canceled only for low-power devices.
- (void)cancelFirmwareUpgrade:(ThingSuccessHandler)success
                      failure:(nullable ThingFailureError)failure;

// Deprecated. -cancelFirmwareUpgrade:failure: is recommended.
// type: the type of update. You can call getFirmwareUpgradeInfo to get the value.
- (void)cancelUpgradeFirmware:(NSInteger)type success:(nullable ThingSuccessHandler)success failure:(nullable ThingFailureError)failure;

Parameters

Parameter	Description
success	The success callback.
failure	The failure callback.

Example

Objective-C:

- (void)cancelFirmware {
    // self.device = [ThingSmartDevice deviceWithDeviceId:@"your_device_id"];
    // This API method applies only in the status of waiting for the device to wake up. upgradeStatus is 5 to indicate this status.
    [self.device cancelFirmwareUpgrade:^{
        NSLog(@"cancel success");
    } failure:^(NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"cancel failure: %@", error);
    }];
}

Swift:

func cancelFirmware() {
    // This API method applies only in the status of waiting for the device to wake up. upgradeStatus is 5 to indicate this status.
    device?.cancelFirmwareUpgrade(success: {
        print("cancel success")
    }, failure: { (error) in
        if let e = error {
            print("cancel failure: \(e)")
        }
    })
}

Listen for callback

Example

Objective-C:

- (void)device:(ThingSmartDevice *)device otaUpdateStatusChanged:(ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeStatusModel *)statusModel {
        // The callback for the status and progress of the firmware update.
        // Recommended for use with -startFirmwareUpgrade:
}

- (void)device:(ThingSmartDevice *)device firmwareUpgradeStatusModel:(ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeStatusModel *)upgradeStatusModel {
    // The callback for the device update status.
    // Recommended for use with -upgradeFirmware:success:failure:.
}

- (void)deviceFirmwareUpgradeSuccess:(ThingSmartDevice *)device type:(NSInteger)type {
    // The firmware is updated. Deprecated. - device:firmwareUpgradeStatusModel: is recommended.
}

- (void)deviceFirmwareUpgradeFailure:(ThingSmartDevice *)device type:(NSInteger)type {
    // Failed to update the firmware. Deprecated. - device:firmwareUpgradeStatusModel: is recommended.
}

- (void)device:(ThingSmartDevice *)device firmwareUpgradeProgress:(NSInteger)type progress:(double)progress {
    // The progress of the firmware update.
    // Recommended for use with -upgradeFirmware:success:failure:.
}

Swift:

func device(_ device: ThingSmartDevice, firmwareUpgradeStatusModel upgradeStatusModel: ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeStatusModel) {
    // The callback for the device update status.
}

func deviceFirmwareUpgradeSuccess(_ device: ThingSmartDevice!, type: Int) {
    // The firmware is updated. This API method will be deprecated soon. device(_:, firmwareUpgradeStatusModel:) is recommended.
}

func deviceFirmwareUpgradeFailure(_ device: ThingSmartDevice!, type: Int) {
    // Failed to update the firmware. This API method will be deprecated soon. device(_:, firmwareUpgradeStatusModel:) is recommended.
}

func device(_ device: ThingSmartDevice!, firmwareUpgradeProgress type: Int, progress: Double) {
    // The progress of the firmware update.
}

Automatically update to the latest version

Certain devices support an automatic update to the latest version. You can use ThingSmartDeviceModel - supportAuto to check whether a device supports this feature.

API description

// Checks whether this feature is enabled.
- (void)getAutoUpgradeSwitchInfoWithSuccess:(nullable ThingSuccessID)success
                                    failure:(nullable ThingFailureError)failure;

// Saves the switch states.
- (void)saveUpgradeInfoWithSwitchValue:(NSInteger)switchValue
                               success:(nullable ThingSuccessHandler)success
                               failure:(nullable ThingFailureError)failure;

Parameters

Parameter	Description
switchValue	The status of the feature. Valid values: 0: disabled 1: enabled
success	The success callback.
failure	The failure callback.

Example

Objective-C:

- (void)getAutoUpgradeSwitchInfo {
    // self.device = [ThingSmartDevice deviceWithDeviceId:@"your_device_id"];
    // Note that ThingSmartDeviceModel - supportAuto must be used to check whether the device supports this feature first.

    [self.device getAutoUpgradeSwitchInfoWithSuccess:^(NSNumber *status) {
        // 0: disabled. 1: enabled. This feature is disabled in this example.
        NSLog(@"current switch status: %@", status);
    } failure:^(NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"get current switch status fail. %@", error);
    }];
}

- (void)saveAutoUpgradeSwitchInfo {
    // self.device = [ThingSmartDevice deviceWithDeviceId:@"your_device_id"];
    // Note that ThingSmartDeviceModel - supportAuto must be used to check whether the device supports this feature first.

    NSInteger status = 0; // 0: disabled. 1: enabled. This feature is disabled in this example.
    [self.device saveUpgradeInfoWithSwitchValue:status success:^{
        NSLog(@"save auto switch status success.");
    } failure:^(NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"save auto switch status fail. %@", error);
    }];
}

Swift:

func getAutoUpgradeSwitchInfo() {
    // Note that ThingSmartDeviceModel - supportAuto must be used to check whether the device supports this feature first.
    device?.getAutoUpgradeSwitchInfo(success: { status in
        // 0: disabled. 1: enabled.
        if let value = status {
            print("get current status: \(value)")
        }
    }, failure: { error in
        if let e = error {
            print("get status failure: \(e)")
        }
    })
}

func saveAutoUpgradeSwitchInfo() {
    // Note that ThingSmartDeviceModel - supportAuto must be used to check whether the device supports this feature first.
    let status = 0 // 0: disabled. 1: enabled. This feature is disabled in this example.
    device?.saveUpgradeInfo(withSwitchValue: 0, success: {
        print("save success")
    }, failure: { error in
        if let e = error {
            print("success failure: \(e)")
        }
    })
}

Common home members get information about firmware update

API description

- (void)memberCheckFirmwareStatus:(void (^)(NSArray<ThingSmartMemberCheckFirmwareInfo *> *infos))success
                          failure:(ThingFailureError)failure;

Parameters

Parameter	Description
success	The success callback.
failure	The failure callback.

Data model of ThingSmartMemberCheckFirmwareInfo

Field	Type	Description
type	NSInteger	The type of firmware update channel.
upgradeStatus	NSInteger	0: no update available 1: update available 2: updating 5: wait for the device to wake up
version	NSString	The target firmware version.
upgradeText	NSString	The information about firmware update.

Example

Objective-C:

- (void)memberCheckFirmwareStatus {
    // self.device = [ThingSmartDevice deviceWithDeviceId:@"your_device_id"];
    [self.device memberCheckFirmwareStatus:^(NSArray<ThingSmartMemberCheckFirmwareInfo *> * _Nonnull infos) {
        NSLog(@"member check success");
    } failure:^(NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"member check failure");
    }];
}

Swift:

func memberCheckFirmwareStatus() {
    device?.memberCheckFirmwareStatus(success: { infos in
            print("member check success: \(infos)")
    }, failure: { error in
        if let e = error {
            print("member check failure: \(e)")
        }
    })
}

Error codes

The error codes in ThingSmartFirmwareUpgradeStatusModel only apply to the API methods for a PID-specific firmware update.

Error code	Description	Remarks
5000	All device firmware versions are up to date and do not need to be updated.	None.
5001	No firmware update found.	None.
5002	For Bluetooth devices, only one device can be updated in the same task.	In most cases, this error code applies to Bluetooth LE devices, Tuya mesh sub-devices, and Bluetooth mesh sub-devices.
5003	Failed to download the firmware package by using the app.	None.
5004	Failed to check whether the signal strength detection is required.	None.
5005	The signal strength level of the device does not meet firmware update requirements.	We recommend that you implement a UI interaction to ask users whether to continue the update. The update might fail if it is continued. You can call - confirmWarningUpgradeTask: to continue or cancel the update.
5006	Failed to connect to the device.	In most cases, this error code applies to Bluetooth LE devices, Tuya mesh sub-devices, and Bluetooth mesh sub-devices.
5007	A timeout error has occurred while unbinding the Bluetooth LE device from the gateway.	None.
5009	The MD5 check failed while downloading firmware by using the app.	None.
5010	Failed to send the firmware by using the app.	In most cases, this error code applies to Bluetooth LE devices, Tuya mesh sub-devices, and Bluetooth mesh sub-devices.
5012	The device is offline.	None.
5013	The pre-validation prior to the update is not passed.	None.
5014	The Bluetooth feature is not enabled on the mobile phone.	None.
5015	Failed to get the list of available firmware updates.	None.
5016	The device update timed out.	None.
5017	Failed to call the API to initiate an OTA update.	The server returns an error in API calls. You can get the detailed error code through error.localizedFailureReason and the detailed description through error.localizedDescription.
5018	The device failed to upgrade and reported the reason for the failure.	You can get the detailed description through error.localizedDescription.
5099	A global error code.	None.

Mapping between new and old interfaces

Feature	New interface	Old interface
Get firmware update information	checkFirmwareUpgrade:failure:	getFirmwareUpgradeInfo:failure:
Query status of firmware being updated	getFirmwareUpgradingStatus:failure:	None
Start update	startFirmwareUpgrade:	upgradeFirmware:success:failure:
Cancel update	cancelFirmwareUpgrade:failure:	cancelUpgradeFirmware:succes:failure:
Listen for callback	device:otaUpdateStatusChanged:	device:firmwareUpgradeStatusModel: deviceFirmwareUpgradeSuccess:type: deviceFirmwareUpgradeFailure:type: device:firmwareUpgradeProgress: