Bluetooth Mesh Serial Protocol

This topic describes the serial protocol that is used to implement serial communication between Tuya’s Bluetooth module and the third-party MCU. The following diagram shows how the two-way communication between the Bluetooth module and the cloud works.

Serial communication

Parameter	Description
Baud (bit/s)	Auto-baud detection for 9600, 19200 and 115200.
Data bit	8
Parity	None
Stop bit	1
Data flow control	None

Terms

Term	Description
Data point (DP)	A DP refers to one function, one command, or a pair of commands.
Product ID (PID)	A unique ID assigned to each product created on the Tuya Developer Platform. The PID is associated with the product information, including DPs, app control panel, and purchase information.
Point-to-point mesh	Point-to-point communication means the channel is shared between two devices.
Point-to-multipoint mesh	Nodes are grouped in a network. When a node sends a message, only the members in this node group can receive it.
Bluetooth broadcast	When a device sends a message, all devices can receive it.
Node address	In the same Bluetooth mesh network, each node has a unique address. Its value ranges from 0x0001 to 0x5FFF.
Group address	Nodes in the same Bluetooth mesh network can belong to different groups, and each group has a unique address. Its value ranges from 0xC000 to 0xFEFF.
Broadcast address	In the same Bluetooth mesh network, all nodes can receive a broadcast. The Bluetooth mesh specification uses a model publish address as the destination address, which is 0xFFFF.

Frame format

Field	Length (byte)	Description
Header	2	It is fixed to 0x55aa.
Version	1	It is used for updates and extensions.
Command	1	Frame type
Data length	2	Big-endian
Data	N	Entity data
Checksum	1	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

DP format

Data segment	Length (byte)	Description
dpid	1	The identifier of a DP (DP ID).
type	1	It indicates the data type of a DP defined on the Tuya Developer Platform.
		Type	Value	Length (byte)	Description
		Raw	0x00	N	Represents a DP of raw data type.
		Boolean	0x01	1	Represents a DP of boolean data type. Valid values include 0x00 and 0x01.
		Value	0x02	4	Represents a DP of integer data type, represented in big-endian format.
		String	0x03	N	Represents a DP of string data type.
		Enum	0x04	1	Represents a DP of enum data type, ranging from 0 to 255.
		Bitmap	0x05	1/2/4	Data greater than one byte is transmitted in big-endian format.
len	2	The length is the number of bytes of a value.
Value	1/2/4/N	Represented in hexadecimal format. Data greater than one byte is transmitted in big-endian format.

Serial protocol

Send heartbeats (0x00)

• After power-on, the module will send a heartbeat to the MCU every 300 ms. If the MCU correctly responds to a heartbeat, it indicates proper operation. After the first-time heartbeat communication, the module will send the MCU a command to get product information.

• The MCU can determine whether the module works properly by detecting heartbeats. If the module does not send heartbeats at regular intervals, the MCU can use the reset pin to reset the module.

• After getting the product information, the module will send a heartbeat every 10 seconds in the standard power mode.

• In the low power mode, the heartbeat communication will stop after a device joins a mesh network. After a restart, the Bluetooth module only sends the current network status to the MCU.

  Since the heartbeat communication stops in the low power mode, the module cannot detect whether the MCU has been restarted.

The module sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0x00
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x00
6	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

The MCU returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0x00
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	The MCU returns this value on the first-time heartbeat communication after a restart. The module uses this value to determine whether the MCU restarts during operation.
0x01	The MCU returns this value on recurring heartbeat communication.

Get MCU information (0x01)

• Product key: 8-byte value assigned to each product for storing product information in the cloud.
• Product information: refers to the PID.

The module sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0x01
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x00
6	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

The MCU returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0x01
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x0d
6 to 18	0x0d	Data	See the following table.
19	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

• Data format:

  1 to 8	9 to 13
  The PID.	A reserved field populated with the MCU version number. The module does not parse this field.

• For example, 55 AA 00 01 00 0D 66 74 62 38 78 32 78 30 31 2E 30 2E 30 C0, indicating the PID is ftb8x2x0 and the MCU version number is 1.0.0.

Send pairing state (0x03)

• The module sends this command to the MCU to notify its current pairing state. The valid values are 0x00 (unpaired) and 0x02 (paired).
• The module will send its current pairing state to the MCU after responding to the command 0x02.
• The module will send its current pairing state to the MCU if the state changes.

The module sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0x03
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Status	State	Note
0x00	Unpaired	The module is discoverable and unpaired.
0x02	Paired	The module has been paired with the mobile app.

The following block diagram shows how the module communicates with the MCU.

Reset the module (0x04)

The MCU sends this command to disconnect a module from a mesh network. This way, the module will be reset and become unpaired.

The MCU sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0x04
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x00
6	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

For example, 55 aa 00 04 00 00 03

The module returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0x04
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x00
6	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

For example, 55 AA 00 04 00 00 03

Send commands (0x06)

• For more information about DPs, see the description of DP format.
• This command can only be used to send the data unit of a single DP to the MCU.
• This is an asynchronous command, corresponding to status reporting. For example, the module sends a command to turn off the light and the MCU sends 0x07 to return the current on/off status after executing the control command.

The module sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0x06
4 5	2	Data length (Len)	High-order 8 bits Low-order 8 bits
6 to 6+Len-1	Len	DP	See the following table.
6+Len	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

• DP format (data of a single DP)

  1	2	3 to 4	5 and followings
  dp1_id	dp1_type	dp1_len	dp1_data

• For example, the MCU sends 55 aa 00 06 00 05 03 01 00 01 01 10, representing information described in the following table.

  Data	Field	Value
  03	dp1_id	3
  01	dp1_type	Boolean
  00 01	dp1_len	1 byte
  01	dp1_data	true

The MCU returns the following command.

None

Report status (0x07)

• For more information about DPs, see the description of DP format.
• The MCU can report the status of multiple DPs at the same time.
• This is an asynchronous command. The MCU uses it to report device status to the module, which can be triggered by three mechanisms.
  • After the MCU executes the command received from the module, it reports the changed DP status to the module.
  • When the MCU proactively detects status changes of DPs, it reports the changed DP status to the module.
  • When the MCU receives the DP status query, it sends the status of all DPs to the module.

The MCU sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0x07
4 5	2	Data length (Len)	High-order 8 bits Low-order 8 bits
6 to 6+Len-1	Len	DP	See the following table.
6+Len	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

• DP format (data of a single or multiple DPs)

  1	2	3 to 4	5 and followings	…	n	n+1	n+2 to n+3	n+4 and followings
  dp_id	dp_type	dp_len	dp_data	…
  dpN_id	dpN_type	dpN_len	dpN_data

• For example, 55 aa 00 07 00 05 03 01 00 01 01 11

The module returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0x07
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Succeeded
0x01	Failed

Query status (0x08)

• This is an asynchronous command. The module uses it to query the current status of all DPs. The MCU will report the data the module queries through the command 0x07.
• The module sends a status query when the following two events occur.
  • For a paired module, it detects that the MCU is restarted based on the heartbeat communication.
  • Users open the control panel of a device on the mobile app.

The module sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0x08
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x00
6	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

For example, 55 aa 00 08 00 00 07

The MCU returns the following command.

None

Report data proactively with ACK required (0x09)

• For more information about DPs, see the description of DP format.
• The MCU can report the status of multiple DPs at once.
• Blocking applies when the MCU proactively reports data with an ACK required. The module does not receive the next packet until responding to the current data reception. If the MCU reports data before receiving a response, a busy message will be returned.
• The MCU reports data twice by default. The module responds with the command 0x0B.

The MCU sends the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0x09
4 5	2	Data length (Len)	Upper 8 bits Lower 8 bits
6	1	Mode	0x00
7	1	TID	The packet ID. The MCU increments the ID every time a packet is reported.
8 to 8+Len-1	Len	Data point	See the following table.
8+Len	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

• DP format (multiple DPs can be included):

  1	2	3	4 and followings	…	n	n+1	n+2	n+3 and followings
  dp_id	dp_type	dp_len	dp_data	…	dpN_id	dpN_type	dpN_len	dpN_data

  • When dp_type is Boolean (dp_data fixed to 1), value (dp_data fixed to 4), or enum (dp_data fixed to 1), the field dp_len is not required.
  • When dp_type is raw, string, or bitmap, you must specify the 1-byte field dp_len.

The module returns the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0x09
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	Timeout	Unit: Seconds
8	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Success
0x01	Busy

• The timeout is the maximum time that the MCU waits for a response from the module after sending a message. When the timeout is reached, the MCU considers data reporting as failed.

Configure module (0x0A)

This command configures the general features of a module.

The MCU sends the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0x0A
4 5	2	Data length	Upper 8 bits Lower 8 bits
6 to 6 Len-1	Len	config_info	See the following table.
6+Len	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Example: 55 aa 00 0A 00 03 01 00 64 71

config_kind	config_params	Description	Return
0x01	timeout() (in seconds)	Specify how long an unpaired device can stay in pairing mode after power on. If the timeout is set to 0x0000, the device will turn off pairing mode upon power up. If the timeout is set to 0xFFFF, the device will always stay in pairing mode. If the timeout is set to a custom value, the device will stay in pairing mode for the specified timeout. The configuration is saved in non-volatile memory. If the MCU does not call this API to set the timeout, the device will always stay in pairing mode by default.	Command 0x0A
0x02	0x01: Turn on pairing. 0x00: Turn off pairing.	Turn on or off pairing mode immediately.	Command 0x03. The module returns the result of the configuration.

The module returns the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0x0A
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6 to 6 Len-1	Len	config_info_ack	See the following table.
6	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

config_kind	config_params	Description
0x01	status (1 byte) 0: Success. 1: Failure.	Return the result of pairing timeout settings.

Respond to proactive data reporting (0x0B)

The module returns the result and details (TID) of data reporting. If the result is failure, the MCU can report data again.

The module sends the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0x0B
4 5	2	Data length (Len)	Upper 8 bits Lower 8 bits
6	1	TID	The packet ID.
7	1	Status	See the following table.
8+Len	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Success
0x01	Failure after retransmission

The MCU returns the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0x0B
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Success
0x01	Failure

Production test

Radio frequency (RF) (0x0E)

• Perform the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) test on modules to measure the RF performance.
• Test tool: a Bluetooth beacon that broadcasts an identifier named ty_mdev.
• Test steps: Put the beacon around 0.5 meters away from the module. The MCU sends this command to the module to initiate a test. The module will search for the designated identifier and return the RSSI. If the RSSI is greater than -70 dB, the RF performance is acceptable.
  The module must be unpaired and operate in the standard power mode. If the module is paired and powered for 15 minutes, the module can never enter the test mode again.

The MCU sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0x0E
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x00
6	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

The module returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0x0E
4 5	2	Data length (Len)	High-order 8 bits Low-order 8 bits
6 to 6+Len-1	Len	Data	See the following table.
6+Len	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

Data	Description
{“ret”:true,“rssi”:“-55”}	The RSSI is -55 dB.
{“ret”:false}	The designated signal is not found.

Low power protocol

Enable low power mode (0xE5)

• The MCU can power on or off the module with a triode to reduce power consumption. In the low power mode, unnecessary communication is reduced to speed up the initialization process and enable the module to quickly boot from the power-off state.

  

• Circuit design

  

• After the MCU wakes up the module to report DP status, the length of a DP determines how long the module is in the power-on state. You can use this formula to get the duration: (DP length + 3)/4 × 400 ms

The MCU sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xE5
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Data	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

Data	Description
0x00	Disable low power mode.
0x01	Enable low power mode.

The module returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xE5
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Succeeded
Others	Failed

Pre-control and beacon remote

Enable pre-control and beacon remote (0xA1)

• Pre-control and beacon remote are disabled by default. You can enable them through this command.
• With the beacon remote feature enabled, the module will stay in pairing mode for 60 seconds after being powered on.
• Up to five remotes can be paired. After the limit is reached, the system will automatically overwrite the oldest remote.
• The configuration is stored in the nonvolatile memory.

The MCU sends the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0xA1
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Data	See the following table.
6	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

Data	Description
0x00	Disable pre-control and beacon remote.
0x01	Enable the beacon remote feature.
0x02	Enable the pre-control.
0x03	Enable pre-control and beacon remote.

The module returns the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0xA1
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Success
Others	Failure

Beacon remote data notification (0xB0)

To use this command, the beacon remote feature must have been enabled.

The module sends the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0xB0
4 5	2	Data length	Upper 8 bits Lower 8 bits
6	len	Data	See the following table.
6+len	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

Data	Length	Description
Data[0 to 5]	6	The MAC address of the remote.
Data[6]	1	Data length
Data[7]	1	DP ID (fixed as 0x0b)
Data[8]	1	DP type + DP length (fixed as 0x07)
Data[9]	1	ID
Data[10 to 15]	6	The commands for the beacon remote.

The MCU returns the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0xB0
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Success
Others	Failure

Pre-control data notification (0xA2)

To use this command, the pre-control feature must have been enabled.

The module sends the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0xA2
4 5	2	Data length	Upper 8 bits Lower 8 bits
6	len	Data	See the following table.
6	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

Data	Length	Description
Data[0]	1	The pre-control command.
Data[1 to 12]	12	The pre-control parameter.

The MCU returns the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0xB0
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Success
Others	Failure

Mesh-specific protocols

Enable communication between nodes (0xB1)

• This feature is available on mobile app v3.20 and later.

• After communication between nodes is enabled, the module will request eight publish addresses (pub_address) from the cloud and save them to the storage. At the same time, quick pairing is disabled. In quick pairing mode, a device can be added to the mobile app within 3 to 5 seconds. With this mode disabled, the time will be about 10 seconds.

• The following figure shows how to enable local device linkage with eight publish addresses.

  

  As shown above, open the control panel of the Bluetooth remote control. Tap Configure group A.

  The destination address of group A is one of the eight publish addresses.

  How to set up local linkage:

  1. The mobile app requests the publish address assigned to group A from the cloud.
  2. The mobile app requests the current device list of group A and the list of devices that can be added to this group.
  3. Users can add or remove a device. The mobile app will send a command to the physical device accordingly.

  How to implement local linkage:

  1. Press the ON button on the remote control.
  2. The remote control will set the received publish address as the destination address and send the on/off control command to the target group.
  3. The smart lights in the target group will be turned on or off accordingly.

The MCU sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB1
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Data	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

Data	Description
0x00	Disable communication between nodes.
0x01	Enable communication between nodes.

The module returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB1
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Succeeded
Others	Failed

Nodes communicate with each other (0xB2)

• The communication between nodes in a Bluetooth mesh network makes the local device linkage possible.

• The precondition is that the sender has got the address of the receiver in advance, which can be implemented through the following methods.

  • Method 1: When the sender is added to the mobile app, you can assign eight publish addresses to it and add devices to these eight groups as needed. For example, a remote control (the sender) features eight groups.
  • Method 2: Broadcast control commands. Set the destination address to 0xFFFF.
  • Method 3: The sender reads and sets the address of the group it belongs to as the destination address. This way, devices in the same group can be linked. For example, in a parking lot, a row of PIR lights can be turned off when a light receives a command.
  • Method 4: Send a DP command to the sender by using the mobile app. The destination address will be included in the command.

• Things to note

  • The Bluetooth mesh generic firmware v0.9 only supports method 2 and method 4.
  • v1.0 supports method 3.
  • v1.1 supports method 4 and adds support for serial communication with an MCU. It supports:

    • Request for the address assigned to the device when it is bound with the mobile app.

      The eight publish addresses (pub_address) are used to publish or send commands to a group.

    • Request for the address of the group a device belongs to.

The MCU sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB2
4 5	2	Data length	High-order 8 bits Low-order 8 bits
6	N	Data	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

No.	Length	Field	Description
0 1	2	Destination address	Represented in big-endian format. The value can be the node address, group address, or broadcast address (0xFFFF).
2 to N	N-1	DP data	For more information about the DP format, see Report status (0x07).

Get eight publish addresses (0xB3)

The MCU can request the eight publish addresses (pub_address) from the Bluetooth module.

The MCU sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB3
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x00
6	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

The module returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB3
4 5	2	Data length (Len)	High-order 8 bits Low-order 8 bits
6 to 6+Len-1	Len	Data	See the following table.
6+Len	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

No.	Length	Field	Description
1	1	adr_num	The number of publish addresses obtained. 0: no publish address returned. 8: eight publish addresses returned. If adr_num is 8, eight publish addresses of 16 bytes will be returned.
2 to 17	16	pub_address	Each address is two bytes, in the format of adr1, adr2, and so on.

Query the group a device belongs to (0xB4)

The typical application of this command is group control in commercial lighting. For example, if a row of lights is added to one group when one of a light detects a coming vehicle, it will send a command to turn on the rest lights.

The MCU sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB4
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x00
6	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

The module returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB4
4 5	2	Data length (Len)	High-order 8 bits Low-order 8 bits
6 to 6+Len-1	Len	Data	See the following table.
6+Len	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

No.	Length	Field	Description
1	1	adr_num	The number of publish addresses obtained. 0: The device does not belong to any group. 8: The device might belong to one of the groups. If adr_num is 8, eight publish addresses of 16 bytes will be returned. Note that if adr is 0, it indicates a valid address.
2 to 17	16	pub_address	Each address is two bytes, in the format of adr1, adr2, and so on.

Sync the remote with a device through hardware operations (0xB5)

The user can sync the remote control with a device in two ways:

• Sync the remote control with a device by using the mobile app. For more information, see the command 0xB1.
• Sync the remote control with a device through hardware operations, without using the mobile app.

You can sync the remote control with devices through hardware operations without using the mobile app, as shown in the following steps.

• Use the command 0xB6 to make a device enter sync mode through an external event trigger such as a button press or power-on.
• Use the command 0xB5 to make the remote control start syncing with the device through an external event trigger such as a button press.
• The LED indicator of the device that the remote control successfully syncs with will blink.
• This way, the remote control can send messages to the publish address through the command 0xB2. (To enable a device to be synced with and controlled by a remote control, see the command 0xB6.)

The MCU sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB5
4 5	2	Data length	High-order 8 bits Low-order 8 bits
6	Len	Data	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

Field	Value	Description
data[0]	0x00 0x01	unpair pair
data[1]	address type	0x00: the offset publish address. Specify an offset in data[2]. This command will make a device subscribe to the pub_address[offset]. 0x01: the real destination address. Specify the real address in big endian in data[2–3], this command will make a device subscribe to the address passed in.

The module returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB5
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Succeeded
Others	Failed

Enable time window (0xB6)

The command 0xB5 enables a device to act as a remote control to sync with and control other devices. The command 0xB6 enables a device to be synced with and controlled by a remote control. This can meet the needs of a device that can function as both a remote control and a regular controlled device.

However, the time window for the sync process is not always on. The command 0xB6 is used to turn on the time window. The duration setup is also supported. This way, remote controls can sync with devices only in the specified time window. For example:

• Light bulbs: A time window is turned on for 10 seconds after the light bulb is powered on.
• Power strip: A time window is turned on for 10 seconds after a button is pressed and held.

The MCU sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB6
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Data	The duration of a time window, in seconds.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

The module returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB6
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Succeeded
0x01	Failed
0x02	Times out.
0x03	Device is synced.

Add to favorites (0xB7)

This command applies to devices that support the favorites feature. It allows users to add the setup of a device to favorites so that they can quickly restore the device to this saved setup. Up to four setups can be added.

For example, users can adjust a group of devices to the desired setting and add the current setup to the favorite so that they can apply one of the saved setups to the device with one tap.

The MCU sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB7
4 5	2	Data length	High-order 8 bits Low-order 8 bits
6	Len	Data	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

Field	Value	Description
data[0]	0x01 0x02	Add a setup to favorites. Execute a setup in the favorites.
data[1]	The ID of a favorite (0x00–0x03)	Up to four setups can be added to favorites and the IDs are 0, 1, 2, and 3.
data[2]	address type	0x00: the offset publish address. Specify an offset in data[3]. This command will make a device subscribe to the pub_address[offset]. 0x01: the real destination address. Specify the real address in big endian in data[3–4].

The module returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB7
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Succeeded
Others	Failed

Notification of adding favorites (0xB8)

The module sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB8
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x02
6	2	Data	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

Field	Value	Description
data[0]	0x01 0x02	Add a setup to favorites. Execute a setup in the favorites.
data[1]	id (0x00 to 0x03)	Up to four setups can be added to favorites and the IDs are 0, 1, 2, and 3.

The MCU returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xB8
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Succeeded
Others	Failed

Send messages defined by standard mesh models (0xBC)

This command is used to send messages defined by standard mesh models to a publish address. For example, a Bluetooth remote control can send messages to switch on or dim lights.

The standard models adopted in the Tuya protocol.

Model	Applicable
Generic OnOff Model	On/off control of lights and electrical products
Light Lightness Model	The brightness of lights
Light CTL Temperature Model	The color temperature of lights
Light HSL Model	Colored lights. The color data received by the module is in HSL, which will be converted to HSV to send to the MCU.

The MCU sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xBC
4 5	2	Data length	High-order 8 bits Low-order 8 bits
6	Len	Data	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

Field	Value	Description
data[0–1]	dst_address of two bytes, represented in big-endian format	Destination address
data[2–3]	opcode of two bytes, represented in big-endian format	For more information about the opcode, visit the official Bluetooth website.
data[4]	is_rsp (0 = no; 1 = is rsp)	Specify whether an acknowledgement is required.
data[5]	cmd_params_len	Parameter length
data[6–n]	cmd_params	Parameter

The module returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xBC
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Succeeded
Others	Failed

Receive messages defined by standard mesh models (0xBD)

This command is used to receive messages defined by standard mesh models. For example, Bluetooth lights can receive messages from a remote control.

The module sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xBD
4 5	2	Data length	High-order 8 bits Low-order 8 bits
6	Len	Data	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

Field	Value	Description
data[0–1]	src_address of two bytes, represented in big-endian format	Source address
data[2–3]	dst_address of two bytes, represented in big-endian format	Destination address
data[4–5]	opcode of two bytes, represented in big-endian format	For more information about the opcode, visit the official Bluetooth website.
data[6]	is_ack (0 = no; 1 = need ack)	Specify whether an acknowledgement is required.
data[7]	cmd_params_len	Parameter length
data[8–n]	cmd_params	Parameter

The MCU returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xBD
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Succeeded
Others	Failed

Send messages defined by vendor-specific mesh models (0xBE)

This command is used to send messages defined by vendor-specific mesh models to a publish address. For example, a Bluetooth remote control can send messages to Bluetooth lights to switch between lighting scenes.

The MCU sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xBE
4 5	2	Data length	High-order 8 bits Low-order 8 bits
6	Len	Data	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

Field	Value	Description
data[0–1]	dst_address of two bytes, represented in big-endian format	Destination address
data[2]	is_rsp (0 = no; 1 = is rsp)	Specify whether an acknowledgement is required.
data[3]	cmd_params_len	Parameter length
data[4–n]	cmd_params	Parameter

The module returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xBE
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Succeeded
Others	Failed

Receive messages defined by vendor-specific mesh models (0xBF)

This command is used to receive messages defined by vendor-specific mesh models. For example, Bluetooth lights can receive messages from a remote control.

The module sends the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xBF
4 5	2	Data length	High-order 8 bits Low-order 8 bits
6	Len	Data	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Data format

Field	Value	Description
data[0–1]	src_address of two bytes, represented in big-endian format	Source address
data[2–3]	dst_address of two bytes, represented in big-endian format	Destination address
data[4]	is_ack (0 = no; 1 = need ack)	Specify whether an acknowledgement is required.
data[5]	cmd_params_len	Parameter length
data[6–n]	cmd_params	Parameter

The MCU returns the following command.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command	0xBF
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Status	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Return value	Description
0x00	Succeeded
Others	Failed

Additional features

Get the time (0xD1)

The MCU sends the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0xD1
4 5	2	Data length	0x00 0x01
6	1	Time data flag	The lowest five bits represent the flags for Unix time, time zone, longitude and latitude, sunrise and sunset, and day of week and 24-hour time. For example, 0x0001 1111 specifies that Unix time, time zone, longitude and latitude, sunrise and sunset, and day of week and 24-hour time should be returned in the response.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

The module returns the following data.

No.	Length (byte)	Field	Description
0 1	2	Header	0x55 0xAA
2	1	Version number	0x00
3	1	Command (CMD)	0xD1
4 5	2	Data length	n
6	n	Time data	See the following table.
7	1	CRC8	Start from the header, add up all the bytes, and then divide the sum by 256 to get the remainder.

Field description

Field	Length	Description
Flag	1 byte	The flag in the request. For example, 0b0001 1111 has its five lowest bits set to 1, specifying that Unix time, time zone, longitude and latitude, sunrise and sunset, and day of week and 24-hour time should be returned in the response.
Unix time	4 bytes	If the flag of the Unix time is 1, byte 2 to byte 5 in the response represent the Unix time. If the value of this field is 0xFFFFFFFF, it indicates the device has not obtained the time data.
Time zone	2 bytes	The time zone. Its value is a signed integer and 100 times the actual time zone. For example, 800 represents GMT+8.
Longitude and latitude	4 bytes	The longitude, with a maximum value of 180.00. For example, 23° 27′ 30″ E equals 23.45833° E in decimal degrees. Its value is a signed integer and 100 times the actual longitude. For example, 23° 27′ E is 2345, and 23° 30′ W is -2350. The longitude is converted in the same manner. For example, 23° 27′ N is 2345, and 23° 30′ S is -2350.
Sunrise and sunset	4 bytes	The sunrise time (2 bytes), represented in 24-hour clock format. 00:00 indicates zero o’clock. The sunset time (2 bytes), represented in 24-hour clock format. 00:00 indicates zero o’clock.
Day of week + 24-hour time	3 bytes	The day of the week (1 byte). 0: Sunday. 1 to 6: Monday to Saturday. The time of day in 24-hour clock format (2 bytes). 00:00 indicates zero o’clock.

Change history

Version	Changes	Date	Description
2.4.0	Added	March 22, 2024	Added the command for module configuration.
2.3.0	Added	December 26, 2023	Added the command for proactive data reporting response.
2.2.0	Added	November 29, 2023	1. Added pre-control and beacon remote. 2. Added the command for getting the time.
2.1.0	Added	September 27, 2021	1. Added the pass-through transmission in the Bluetooth mesh model and vendor model.
2.0.0	Added	May 1, 2021	1. Added features of syncing the remote with a device through hardware operations and adding setups to favorites.
1.1.0	Modified	June 2, 2020	1. Added 9600 and 115200 to auto-baud detection. 2. Added querying the group a device belongs to.
0.9.0	Modified	May 2020	1. Fixed the issue of wrongly erased authorization information in a production test. 2. Supported requesting publish addresses.
0.8.0	Modified	March 5, 2020	1. Deleted the responding process to commands from the module. 2. Added quick pairing.
0.7.0	Modified	March 1, 2020	1. Added the node-to-node communication. 2. Added RSSI test on network modules. 3. Added RSSI test on end products.
0.6.0	Modified	August 4, 2019	Added production test on PCB.
0.3.0	Modified	July 9, 2019	Modified the valid values of the pairing state.
0.2.0	Modified	July 2019	Added responses to get or set messages.
0.1.0	Created	June 5, 2019	The first release