Develop with Python SDK

This topic describes how to develop a program to control ‘Powered by Tuya’ devices based on the open capabilities and SDK of the Tuya IoT Development Platform.

Prerequisites

• You have created a project.
• You have downloaded the app.
• You have added a device.
• You have installed PyCharm.

Procedure

Step 1: Clone Tuya-iot-python-sdk

This step is based on Tuya-iot-python-sdk. Tuya-iot-python-sdk helps you efficiently create cloud development projects regarding the OpenAPI or message subscription capabilities. You can focus on business logic. Perform the following steps:

1. Get the SDK address at Tuya-iot-python-sdk.

   

2. Go to Projects > Get from VCS > Repository URL, enter the SDK URL, and then click Clone. Image

Step 2: Edit the profile

Before development, you need to configure environment variables in the env.py file. The parameters are described as follows:

• ACCESS_ID and ACCESS_KEY: Enter the values of Access ID and Access Key shown in the Authorization Key section on the Cloud Development Platform. For more information, see View project details.

• USERNAME and PASSWORD: the account and password of the app.

• ENDPOINT: the access address of the cloud development project. For more information, see Endpoints.

• DEVICE_ID: the ID of an associated device. For more information, see View Devices.

  ACCESS_ID = "fsxg5c9jasdrolc****"
  ACCESS_KEY = "d064654cd2714286a3823f16a223****"
  USERNAME = "*********"
  PASSWORD = "*********"
  DEVICE_ID = "vdevo16274430851****"
  ENDPOINT = "https://openapi.tuyacn.com"
  

Step 3: Control the device

After the environment is ready, you can start your coding journey. Device control is a must-have feature. The following example shows how to switch the strip lights after you press Enter on the keyboard. It is just for your reference. Create a switch.py as follows:

from env import ENDPOINT, ACCESS_ID, ACCESS_KEY, USERNAME, PASSWORD, DEVICE_ID

from tuya_iot import TuyaOpenAPI, TUYA_LOGGER

# Initialization of tuya openapi
openapi = TuyaOpenAPI(ENDPOINT, ACCESS_ID, ACCESS_KEY)
openapi.connect(USERNAME, PASSWORD, "86", 'smartlife')

# # Uncomment the following lines to see logs.
import logging

TUYA_LOGGER.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

flag = True
while True:
    input('Hit Enter to toggle light switch.')
    flag = not flag
    commands = {'commands': [{'code': 'switch_led', 'value': flag}]}
    openapi.post('/v1.0/devices/{}/commands'.format(DEVICE_ID), commands)
	

Sample response

Hit Enter to toggle light switch.
[2022-10-14 14:30:42,047] [tuya-openapi] Request: method = POST,                 url = https://openapi.tuyacn.com/v1.0/devices/vdevo16657167*********/commands,                params = None,                body = {'commands': [{'code': 'switch_led', 'value': False}]},                t = 1665729042047
[2022-10-14 14:30:42,203] [tuya-openapi] Response: {
  "result": true,
  "success": true,
  "t": 1665729042258,
  "tid": "b9feb6ce4b8911ed97368aeef190c9e7"
}
Hit Enter to toggle light switch.

Step 4: Listen for device status

The following sample code shows how to implement listening for device events for a user. For example, devices get offline or offline, and device status is reported. Device status notifications are sent as MQTT messages to actively notify the terminal application of real-time data, such as changes in device status and device alert messages. This way, the terminal application does not need to frequently query the device status. Create a monitor.py as follows:

import logging
from tuya_iot import TuyaOpenAPI, TuyaOpenMQ, TUYA_LOGGER

from env import ENDPOINT, ACCESS_ID, ACCESS_KEY, USERNAME, PASSWORD

TUYA_LOGGER.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

# Init
openapi = TuyaOpenAPI(ENDPOINT, ACCESS_ID, ACCESS_KEY)
openapi.connect(USERNAME, PASSWORD, "86", 'tuyaSmart')

# Receive device message
def on_message(msg):
    print("on_message: %s" % msg)

openapi.token_info.expire_time = 0

openmq = TuyaOpenMQ(openapi)
openmq.start()
openmq.add_message_listener(on_message)

Sample response

[2022-10-14 11:38:41,704] [tuya-openmq] payload-> b'{"data":"gIaHR01z+26gUD10tL33xxRJ/ii/cc3Egz/NXII8riWBKrFfzmMtzqX/1kSamNFkt1DwKiY6a91Ru/ChWEjhOadlz0n7A+5oFZlvV9zcWCayf5WaPGMcwpjiifAM+qDowHyHEwFmXBMFPb5449xCNKDmAraFkhaUMEOGKdAgwaCabpBzu6E/aMNc+hOSnyBrIdzAuS6ZiUEjbtVQgBDDzLcCg4+dCZHznETdWJDA3Gu0VjQhObTu4ZLd80M5x3qE","protocol":4,"pv":"2.0","sign":"fc234c7bbd6e6f11ce433676de6335f1","t":1665718721658}'
[2022-10-14 11:38:41,705] [tuya-openmq] on_message: {'data': {'dataId': 'e0d1ca4f-7fd0-4c83-a64a-c8c7113a7153', 'devId': 'vdevo166571674150717', 'productKey': '0v90y5gxz1ae8pcl', 'status': [{'code': 'switch_led', 't': '1665718721658', 'value': True, '20': True}]}, 'protocol': 4, 'pv': '2.0', 'sign': 'fc234c7bbd6e6f11ce433676de6335f1', 't': 1665718721658}

Conclusion

In this topic, you have learned how to use the Python SDK based on the Tuya Cloud Development Platform. You can call device APIs to control smart devices and listen for device status. Thanks to the standard ecosystem of ‘Powered by Tuya’ devices, you can extend this control method to all devices of Tuya’s ecosystem. This helps you focus on and accelerate SaaS development based on smart devices, without regard to device differences.